Real estate

REIT Preferred Shares Cumulative preferred securities issued by REITs offering fixed distributions, junior to debt but senior to common equity, carrying call risk and refinance hazard.

REIT Rights Offering vs At-the-Market Offering Compares how REITs raise capital through rights offerings versus at-the-market equity issuances, including timing, dilution, and shareholder impact.

REIT Rights Offerings and Shareholder Dilution Explains how REITs use rights offerings to raise equity capital, how shareholder dilution occurs, and how to evaluate whether a rights offering is priced at a discount to NAV.

REIT Total Return vs Dividend Yield: What Investors Actually Earn Why REIT total return matters more than dividend yield alone. Learn how to measure real income plus price appreciation.

REIT Umbrella Partnership (UPREIT) Structure Explained How the UPREIT structure allows property owners to contribute assets in exchange for operating partnership units, deferring capital gains tax.

REIT vs Real Estate Crowdfunding: Key Differences Compare REITs and real estate crowdfunding platforms on liquidity, minimum investment, fees, transparency, and risk profile to understand which suits your investment goals.

REITs for Retirees: Assessing Income Reliability Retirees evaluating REITs must assess payout coverage, lease duration, tenant credit quality, and sector fundamentals to determine whether distributions are sustainable.

Rent Abatement Clause Provision allowing a commercial tenant to stop paying rent when the property becomes unusable due to casualty, condemnation, or landlord default.

Rent Escalation Clause Contractual provisions that increase lease payments over time, typically via fixed bumps, CPI indexation, or percentage-of-sales mechanisms.

Rent Per Square Foot in Commercial Leases Understanding rentable vs. usable square footage, load factors, and how to compare rent quotes across commercial properties.

Rent Roll A summary schedule listing every current tenant, lease term, rental rate, and occupancy status for a property or portfolio.

Rent vs Buy Analysis Financial framework for comparing the true cost of renting versus purchasing residential property.

Rent-to-Own Agreement A lease contract that includes an option (and sometimes an obligation) for the tenant to purchase the property at a preset price within a specified period.

Replacement Reserve in Commercial Property Underwriting How replacement reserves work in commercial real estate underwriting, why lenders require them, and how the amount is estimated.

Residential Property Depreciation The IRS tax deduction allowing rental property owners to write off a portion of the property value over 27.5 years as a paper expense.

Residential Real Estate Residential real estate encompasses housing properties — apartments, single-family homes, condominiums, and other dwellings — held for rent or sale. It is both an asset class and a personal shelter, creating unique economic dynamics.

Residential REIT A residential REIT owns and operates apartment buildings, multifamily properties, and housing communities. Residential REITs benefit from housing demand, population growth, and urbanization, and offer relatively defensive cash flows.

Retail Property Challenges Structural headwinds facing brick-and-mortar retail locations, including e-commerce disruption, consumer behavior shifts, and capital flow constraints.

Retail REIT A retail REIT owns and operates shopping centers, malls, and street-front retail properties. Retail REITs have faced structural headwinds from e-commerce competition, with many converting properties to mixed-use or reducing exposure to traditional retail.

Return of Capital Distributions from REITs What REIT return of capital distributions mean, how they reduce cost basis, and their deferred tax effect on investor gains.

Reverse 1031 Exchange: How It Works Reverse 1031 exchange mechanics: buy replacement property before selling, with strict 180-day safe harbor rules and identification requirements.

Reverse Mortgage: How It Works A reverse mortgage lets older homeowners borrow against home equity. Learn how HECM loans work, how balance grows, and what repayment triggers matter.

Reversion Value in Commercial Property Valuation The reversion value is the estimated sale price of commercial real estate at the end of an investment holding period, and exit cap rate assumptions drive it.

Right of First Refusal in a Commercial Lease How right of first refusal provisions work in commercial leases, valuation implications, and how they differ from right of first offer.

Sale-Leaseback in Commercial Real Estate How businesses sell property and lease it back to unlock capital, including tax and balance-sheet implications for owner-operators and investors.

Sale-Leaseback: How It Works for Commercial Property Sale-leaseback mechanics for commercial real estate: how companies sell property and lease it back, liquidity benefits, and accounting treatment under ASC 842.

Same-Property NOI vs Total Portfolio NOI in REIT Reporting Same-property NOI isolates organic growth by excluding acquisitions and dispositions, while total portfolio NOI reflects the full income base—analysts rely on same-property NOI to spot true operating strength.

Same-Store NOI Growth Year-over-year net operating income growth from a stabilized, constant portfolio, excluding acquisitions and disposals.

Second Mortgage vs Home Equity Loan A second mortgage and a home equity loan are different products with different terms. Learn the structural differences, lien positions, and tax implications.

Security Deposit Accounting for Landlords How landlords hold, account for, and return security deposits under statutory requirements and accounting rules.

Self-Directed IRA Real Estate Rules A self-directed IRA can hold real estate, but IRS prohibited-transaction rules, disqualified-person restrictions, and UBIT tax apply. Understanding these rules prevents costly penalties.

Self-Storage REIT A self-storage REIT owns and operates storage facilities leased to individual and commercial customers. Self-storage REITs have strong economics, including high incremental margins, pricing power in tight markets, and stable recurring revenue.

Self-Storage REIT Demand Drivers Explore the life events and demographic trends that drive self-storage REIT demand and occupancy, and why the sector performs well in recessions.

Seller Concessions on Closing Costs: Limits by Loan Type Maximum seller-paid closing cost percentages for FHA, conventional, VA, and USDA loans: how limits work and how buyers reduce cash at closing.

Seller Concessions: Mortgage Limits by Loan Type Seller concessions are closing-cost contributions paid by sellers to buyers. Mortgage limits vary by loan type: conventional, FHA, VA, and USDA each allow different percentages.

Seller Financing A property sale where the seller extends credit to the buyer, acting as a lender and holding the debt instrument instead of a bank.

Seller Financing in Real Estate: How It Works Seller financing lets a property owner act as lender, extending credit directly to the buyer via a promissory note and deed of trust.

Seller Financing: How It Works How does seller financing work in real estate: owner-carry transactions, typical terms, risks for buyer and seller, and when it replaces bank lending.

Shadow Anchor in Retail Real Estate Learn what a shadow anchor is in retail real estate and how it affects tenant mix, lease rates, and property valuation.

Short Sale vs Foreclosure: Credit Impact Compared Compare how short sales and foreclosures damage credit scores, how long marks persist, and which path allows faster recovery for future borrowing.

Single-Family Rental A single-family rental is a house rented to a tenant, held by an individual investor or institution for rental income and appreciation. Single-family rentals offer more control but less operational leverage than multifamily properties.

SNDA Agreement in Commercial Real Estate Learn what subordination, non-disturbance, and attornment mean in commercial leases — how lenders and tenants protect their interests if the property is foreclosed.

Stabilized NOI The projected annual net operating income a commercial property is expected to generate once it reaches its normal market occupancy level.

Stacking Plan in a Commercial Building A floor-by-floor visual diagram showing tenant occupancy, lease terms, and available space in a commercial property.

Streamline Refinance: FHA and VA Programs Explained FHA and VA streamline refinance programs reduce documentation and eliminate appraisals for government-backed mortgages, lowering costs and barriers to refinancing.

Subject-To Financing in Real Estate How a buyer takes title of a property while leaving the seller's existing mortgage in place, risks for both parties, and common scenarios.

Subject-To Mortgage Investing An investor acquires a property while the seller's existing mortgage remains in place, transferring equity but not formally assuming the debt obligation.

Taxable REIT Subsidiary A wholly owned corporate subsidiary that lets a REIT earn non-real-estate income without failing REIT qualification tests.

Tenant Concentration Risk in REITs Tenant concentration risk in REITs measures revenue exposure to a handful of large lessees. Learn what concentration thresholds matter and how to find tenant data in 10-K filings.

Tenant Improvement Allowance Landlord contribution toward a tenant's fit-out or renovation costs, typically negotiated into lease economics and treated as concession reducing effective rent.

Tenant Improvement Allowance: How It Works Understand tenant improvement allowances: what landlords cover, how budgets are set and capped, and negotiation strategies for tenants.

Tenant Screening Process Background checks and qualification of rental applicants to assess financial reliability and suitability as tenants.

Tenants in Common vs Joint Tenancy in Real Estate Tenants in common vs joint tenancy: key differences in ownership rights, inheritance, ability to sell, and financing. TIC allows unequal shares and free transfer; joint tenancy includes survivorship but restricts sale.

The 20% Pass-Through Deduction on REIT Dividends Section 199A allows eligible investors to deduct 20% of ordinary REIT dividends from taxable income; understand limits, thresholds, and who qualifies.

Timber REIT A REIT that owns timberland and harvests timber as a biological asset, blending real-estate income, commodity price exposure, and potential carbon-credit revenue.

Title Insurance: What It Covers Title insurance protects against defects in property ownership. Understand owner's vs. lender's policies, what claims are covered, and why it's a one-time premium.

Triple Net Lease Explained Triple net lease explained: the tenant pays property tax, insurance, and maintenance—three net expenses beyond rent—making it attractive to passive income investors.

Triple Net Lease Tenants Leases where the tenant pays rent plus property taxes, insurance, and common-area maintenance; the landlord's net income is highly predictable.

Triple-Net Lease A triple-net (NNN) lease is a commercial lease in which the tenant pays rent plus property taxes, insurance, and maintenance costs. Triple-net leases transfer most operating risks and costs to the tenant, providing landlords with stable, predictable income.

Triple-Net Lease REIT vs Gross Lease REIT Understanding how expense responsibility shifts between landlord and tenant in triple-net lease REITs versus gross lease REITs.